Specific facts that must be articulated to support an officer's actions are defined by which term?

The term that specifically describes the facts that must be articulated to support an officer's actions is "reasonable suspicion." This standard is significant in law enforcement as it allows officers to stop and briefly detain a person for investigative purposes when they have specific and articulable facts suggesting that the person is involved in criminal activity. Reasonable suspicion is based on the totality of circumstances and does not require the same level of certainty as probable cause, which is needed for obtaining a search warrant or making an arrest. It emphasizes the necessity for law enforcement officers to be able to articulate the particular facts and circumstances that lead to their suspicion, ensuring that their actions are justifiable and grounded in observable behaviors or patterns. This standard serves to balance the need for effective policing with respect for individual rights, making it a cornerstone of lawful policing practices.